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The Crossbow
The time and money lavished on the ornamentation of high-class sporting
crossbows, especially those of late sixteenth-century Continental manufacture,
were very considerable, the best workers in metal, ivory and mother of
pearl, being employed in their decoration.
The stock of the sporting crossbow was often covered with artistic representations
of animals, birds and hunting scenes, surrounded by scroll-work, all finely
chased and inlaid in silver, ivory and pearl.
The polished metal fittings of the stock, and even the hardened surfaces
of the steel bow, were sometimes deeply inlaid with a delicate tracery
in gold of leaves and flowers, or heraldic designs.
Different workmen constructed the distinct parts of a good sporting
crossbow, just as the separate pieces of a gun are treated in these days
by various artisans, before they are fitted together to produce the weapon
in its finished state.
Fig. 8 - Crossbowman approaching game by means of a
stalking horse.
One set of craftsmen made the stock, another the windlass or the cranequin,
and so it was with the lock and the string ; but the most important artificers
of all were the men who forged and shaped the steel bows. The bows from
Mondragon in Spain, which were of the same quality of steel as that of
the famous Toledo sword blades, and those from Pyrmont in Germany, were
celebrated for their excellence of strength and temper.
In confirmation of this we read in Sir J. Harington's translation of
Ariosto (Italian poet, 1474-1533) :
But as a strong and justly tempered bow
Of Pyrmont steel, the more you do it bend,
Upon recoil doth give the bigger blow,
And doth with greater force the quarrel send.
(Orlando Furioso)
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The sporting crossbow of the sixteenth century, or from about 1500 to
1630, was no doubt a very effective weapon in its day for the purposes
for which it was required, as the experience and skill of several centuries
had brought it to perfection, ere it was at length superseded by the improved
arquebus.
The hunter could not, however, bring down birds on the wing with his
crossbow ; nor, indeed, could the man who used the arquebus of the same |